Premature infants are considered to be born before 37weeks of pregnancy, those who have low birth weight which is lesser than 2.495 kilograms or they could have any medical condition which needs special attention. Recently many premature babies have lost their lives due to lack of proper monitoring of the incubator that leads to accidents. A neonatal incubator is an enclosed equipment where a pre- mature infant will be kept in a clean and controlled environment for observation and care. The biological parameters are monitored to ensure the safety of the babies and to prevent death rates. The World Health Organisation (WHO) states that only six countries, including Nigeria, jointly contribute 50% of annual global deaths of children of less than five years of age. This figure is largely a reflection of the terrifically high neonatal mortality within the country. Our collabora- tive experience shows that some of the neonatal deaths in the referral hospitals occur as a result of inefficient maintenance of neonatal thermo-neutrality as effective practice would require. This study agrees with others and shows that the blame is partly due to lack of adequate supply of functional incubators and other essential equipment needed in the hospitals. But yes ... fetus can live without incubator ... The temperature inside the mother’s womb is 38C (100.4F). Leaving the warmth of the womb at birth, the wet new born finds itself in a much colder environment and immediately starts losing heat. If heat loss is not prevented and is allowed to continue, the baby will develop hypothermia and is at increased risk of developing health problems and of death. Avoiding hypothermia (rectal temperature less than 36.5°C or 96.8°F) is important for new-born health outcomes because hypothermia increases morbidity and mortality. Theresults of statistics in Iran show that in 1980,13% of new-born were preterm, while in 2006 more than 30% of birthswere preterm. NICU mortality was approximately 25 times higher than in the general maternity