Genos Historia

New paper by McColl et al. (2024) and the origin of the Germanic people.

"We find evidence of a previously unknown, large-scale Bronze Age migration within Scandinavia, originating in the east and becoming widespread to the west and south, thus providing a new potential driving factor for the expansion of the Germanic speech community. This East Scandinavian genetic cluster is first seen 800 years after the arrival of the Corded Ware Culture, the first Steppe-related population to emerge in Northern Europe, opening a new scenario implying a Late rather than an Middle Neolithic arrival of the Germanic language group in Scandinavia."

In 2000-1000 BC Scandinavia, they claim to find three populations:
-A Norweigan cluster primarily carrying Y-haplogroup R1a-Z284 (they call it Early Scandinavian)
-A Danish cluster primarily carrying Y-haplogroup R1b-U106 (they call it South Scandinavian)
-A Swedish cluster primarily carrying Y-haplogroup I1 (they call it East Scandinavian)

The paper suggests that Germanic originated in the "East Scandinavian" cluster, also known as the I1 cluster in the Allentoft paper. This is the same population with hunter-gatherer fathers that migrated into Denmark, bringing with them their Neolithic stone cist burial tradition, replacing the aforementioned Early and South Scandinavian populations.

Moreover, the I1 cluster, ancestral to the Germanic people, didn't just carry different Y-DNA haplogroups to the Early Scandinavian and South Scandinavian clusters, they had different ancestry on the whole. This was an entirely different genetic population.

The paper suggests that the East Scandinavian cluster (the I1 cluster) had a cross-Baltic maritime origin due to the samples being modelled as having 7% Latvian Hunter-Gatherer ancestry. However, based on strontium isotope analysis, it is more likely that they came from East Sweden, possibly Mälaren Valley.

I theorised back in December 2023 before the McColl and Allentoft papers were published that the founding population of the Nordic Bronze Age Scandinavians (now confirmed to be the I1 cluster) were not only of a non-WSH origin (carrying I1 Y-haplogroup lineages of hunter-gatherer origin), but even Germanic originated with these people. It is now settled that Germanic comes from the I1 cluster. First the Allentoft paper, now the McColl paper.

I just posted a new Youtube video about Mesolithic Europe.

https://youtu.be/iGnXnPfOzXU

Artistic piece I put together of a Sredny Stog chieftain standing by a kurgan on the Pontic steppe. Sadly I lacked a skull for reference for his face but used a side profile reconstruction of a Sredny Stog man and Yamnaya reconstructions as inspiration.

I'm going to delete the group chat soon. So hurry up and make your final posts.

The vote has come in 55% in favor of bringing back Based Fed. Ok, I will bring him back.

You gotta remember

Anatolian farmers reached western Europe by the sailing the Meditereaen sea.

They sailed to Italy and then from there sailed to the coasts of France and Spain.

Now ancient DNA is showing some also sailed to the Meditereaen coasts of western Africa.

This makes perfect sense and is very interesting.

This new study, published in 2023, apparently found an older Neolithic population in Morocco who had more European farmer ancestry than the population in the study from 2018 by Fregel.

They claim this Neolithic Moroccan pop was around 80% European farmer (which includes 10% Euro Mesolithic admix).

These new samples are not in G25. So i can't look at them myself.

There was an older study from 2018 which also found European farmer admixture in Neolithic Morocco.

Above are the nMonte results for a Neolithic pop from that study. They score 35% Italy neolithic. You can find their G25 coords in the comment section of this post

Fregel 2018
Ancient genomes from North Africa evidence prehistoric migrations to the Maghreb from both the Levant and Europe
https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.1800851115

Anatolian farmers also spread to Africa (to a much less extent than they did to Europe).

*Article.
European immigrants introduced farming to prehistoric North Africa, new research shows
https://theconversation.com/european-immigrants-introduced-farming-to-prehistoric-north-africa-new-research-shows-221921

A Neolithic population in Morocco, dating around 5000 BC, was largely of Anatolian farmer origin. They also had minor European hunter gatherer ancestry.

In the American school systems we learn about early civilizations.

In particular Sumerians, Egypt, Indus Valley, China.

I think it is fair to argue that if we learn about those civilizations we should learn about the Neolithic Balkans as well.

They were the first people to develop metallurgy.

Neolithic Europe had the earliest wheel, earliest gold metallurgy, earliest bronze metallurgy, earliest evidence of copper smelting, and possibly the earliest writing.

Why are we told all these things were first invented Mesopotamia?

The Bantu expansion engulfed/annihilated the previous inhabitants across SSA. Central Africa and East Africa were before inhabited by Khoisan related people.

It shows that the claim made of SSA being peaceful before European colonialism is obviously not true at all.

Source: https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2023.04.03.535432v1

The violent crime rates of Bantu Americans made that unlikely anyways.

They called it the “dark ages” for a reason cuh

I didn't know that's why it is called the "Dark Ages." 😯

JIVE TORC - The torc or torque was a status symbol for Celts, Thracians, Persians and Scythians in the Iron Age. But where does the torc originate? The oldest torcs appear in the late European Bronze Age.

https://youtu.be/svldFjCnYoU?feature=shared

Alright brothers

I am almost done with my first video on Mesolithic Europe.

I have decided to make it into two videos.

The first video will be about their Paleolithic ancestors, Y haplogroups, and mt-haplogroups.

The second video will be about their skin color & Eye color.

One of the most fascinating and intriguing facts from the new paper on Scandinavia from the Mesolithic to the Neolithic is this fellow labelled NEO792.

NEO792 was 85% Western Steppe Herder in overall ancestry and the oldest sample carrying such ancestry, but there's a surprising twist. He lived alongside unadmixtured Early European Farmers (NEO580 and NEO943) and his Y-DNA haplogroup was I2-S2703. A Funnelbeaker Early European Farmer lineage of Western Hunter-Gatherer origin.

That's not all. NEO792 was buried in a megalithic tomb and carried mt-DNA haplogroup U2e2a1, a Western Steppe Herder derived female lineage. This means that despite NEO792 inheriting the majority of his overall ancestry from Western Steppe Herders, he was likely aware of his direct paternal heritage going back to his Funnelbeaker farmer forefathers and was given a special megalithic tomb burial in the same fashion.

As reflected with most ancient European people, NEO792 had a patrilineal understanding of his ancestry and was likely aware of the burial customs of his paternal Early European Farmer ancestors. The fact that both the Funnelbeaker culture and Single Grave culture co-existed for a time shows us that cultural exchange and intermixing occurred on both sides as opposed to the previously believed idea that the Funnelbeaker folk and their culture was completely replaced almost immediately upon arrival of Steppe ancestry in the region.

Eventually, the Funnelbeaker folk's male lineages did disappear. The paper suggests that this happened due to the plague causing an unprecedented population decline amongst Early European Farmers in addition to violence.